在電影Notthing Hill中有一幕我到現在還好深刻的,就是男女主角在男主角家中觀看他掛在壁上的一幅畫,他們對白如下:
Anna Scott: I can't believe you have that picture on your wall.
William: You like Chagall?
Anna Scott: I do. It feels like how being in love should be. Floating through a dark blue sky.
William: With a goat playing the violin.
Anna Scott: Yes - happiness isn't happiness without a violin-playing goat.
這幅畫作其實是畫家Marc Chagall(夏卡爾)的作品叫作“La Mariée” ,英文即The Bride(新娘)。在戲中,女主角好驚訝男主角的家中有這幅畫作,她表示好喜歡夏卡爾的畫,她覺得戀愛的感覺就如同畫中浮動在深藍的天空一樣,男主角則開玩笑回應說”還要伴隨一隻在拉小提琴的山羊。“,女主角最後就附和回應說,“對,沒有會拉琴的山羊,快樂就不再是快樂了。”
La Mariée by Marc Chagall
他們的對話十分有趣,因為夏卡爾的畫作經常出現許多動物,有些人是認為這是由於夏卡爾受兒時生活環境而影響畫風,更有許多人對這些動物作符號學的詮釋,以下是在網上找到一些資料。
﹣Cow: Substainer of life. Another notion is that Chagall is striving to unite the bestial and the rational, the spontaneous and the studied, man and beast.
﹣Goat: The goat is a Jewish symbol for the day of atonement - a feast when the sins of the people were once symbolically expiated
﹣Tree: another life symbol.
﹣Cock: At times fertility, often painted together with lovers.
﹣Red Rooster: Forgiveness & atonement.
﹣Bosom: eroticism and fertility of life (Chagall loved and respected women).
﹣Fiddler: Celebration and mourning. In Chagall's village the fiddler made music at cross-points of life (birth, wedding, death). Its wider Russian significance is that of the failed revolution of 1905. The leader of this revolution was a Jewish fiddler named Sormus, who led workers through the streets to fight for their rights. Chagall saw himself in the fiddler, a solitary, isolated individual.
﹣Herring (often also painted as a flying fish): commemorates Chagall's father working in a fish factory.
﹣Pendulum Clock: time, and modest life (in the time of prosecution at the Loire River the pendulum seems being driven with force into the wooden box of the pendulum clock).
﹣Candlestick: Some say it's purely a Jewish religious symbol - two candles symbolize the Shabbat or the Menorah, and therefore the life of pious Jews.
I think the candles represent far more that a religious icon; unity, love, warmth, direction, and romance... depending on the painting you must decide.
﹣Windows: Chagall's Love of Freedom, and Paris through the window.
﹣Houses of Vitebsk (often in paintings of his time in Paris): feelings for his homeland.
﹣Scenes of the Circus: Harmony of Man and Animal, which induces Creativity in Man.
﹣Crucifixion of Jesus: an unusual subject for a Jewish painter, and likely a response to the rise of anti-Semitism in Germany in the late 1930s.
﹣Horses: One source said the horse represents freedom, in many Chagall paintings this doesn't seem to fit. I see the horse representing strength, particularly in the marriage union (Kunstler And His Wife), sexuality (Couple In Blue)
﹣The Eiffel Tower: Up in the sky, freedom.
根據資源,山羊在猶太人中有贖罪的意思(夏卡爾本人是猶太人),而這幅畫中也有一隻魚,就是資源中說的herring,這種魚據說是用來紀念夏卡爾的父親,因他父親曾在魚的工場工作。
也因為夏卡爾的作品中有許多游走的動物,內容表現多為超現實的繪畫,他一向被別人稱為是超現實主義畫家。對此,夏卡爾作出一個很棒的回覆﹕
“很多人都說我的畫是詩的、幻想的、錯誤的。其實相反地,我的繪畫是寫實的......我不喜歡‘幻想’和‘象征主義’這類話,在我內心的世界,一切都是現實的、恐怕比我們目睹的世界更加現實。”
內心世界中的感覺是最使人深刻(最真實的)的感覺,例如,當你快樂時,就是無論你在何處,或即使你身在石屎森林中,你也可感覺自己在天空中游走,或許在大海中暢泳。夏卡爾只是把他內心中的美和愉快表達出來,快樂一向不需要合理,正如女主角所說,沒有會拉琴的山羊相伴,快樂就不再是快樂了。